Think About Your Synonyms

Synonyms are words that have similar, but not necessarily identical meanings. 

Here’s an example: Recently I saw a headline that mentioned the auction price of a car:

Ferrari GTO Sold For $48.4 Million, Breaks Auction Record For Most Valuable Car

https://www.techtimes.com/articles/233773/20180826/ferrari-gto-sold-for-48-4-million-breaks-auction-record-for-most-valuable-car.htm

This wasn’t the only similar headline. My point is that the headlines used the word “valuable.” The correct word is “expensive.”

Value is subjective; it varies from person to person. It tends to have a certain emotional punch, too, certainly more than a mere number, which is what most expensive refers to. (To be fair, I should add that the fact-laden article used the less-emotional phrase “highest-priced car.”)

Emotionally charged words make better headlines, but if you’re explaining something, stay away from emotion; stick with the facts.

A Careless Compound

First, here’s the bad sentence:

Because it will be able to collect more light than any telescope every built, including light from the edge of the universe, the device will allow us to determine the distance of far-off objects from the Earth and their composition.

https://futurism.com/giant-magellan-telescope-construction/

(First, that “every” should be “ever.” This is a plain old typo, resulting from carelessness. Shame on the proofreader.)

The real mistake of writing in this sentence has to do with the phrase “their composition.” At first (careless) glance, it looks like a compound object of 
from,” which doesn’t make sense.

“Their composition” is part of a compound direct object of “determine.”

The sentence has two solutions:

  • Put a comma after “Earth.” This separates “and their composition” from the prepositional phrase.
  • Put “composition and” right before “distance.” That gives you “…determine the composition and distance of far-off objects…” Now put “far off” where it belongs, next to the preposition: “…determine the composition and distance of objects far off from the Earth.”

I prefer the second choice even though it’s more work. The sentence is smoother.

Oh. Here’s a picture of the telescope, scheduled to be completed in 2024.

Image Credit: GMTO

A Curmudgeonly Pun

Not much content in today’s post, especially since this doesn’t apply to me: I have no trouble correcting grammar. When asked.

https://www.gocomics.com/realitycheck/2018/08/21

Hmm. You might say that it should be “peoples’ grammar,” but I suspect he talks to one person at a time; justifying use of the singular. Maybe. What do you think?

Why Hyphens Matter

I mention compound adjectives occasionally; here’s a good example of the difference in meaning when you hyphenate or don’t hyphenate.

Sometimes you have two or more modifiers before a noun. If the first word refers to the next one, you hyphenate them and they function as one word. If they separately refer to the noun, don’t hyphenate. 

I think this lake is in Minnesota someplace

She is correct! To have “big” refer to the mosquitoes, it should be “big-mosquito lake.”

PS—yes, “mosquito” is a noun, not an adjective. But it’s being used as an adjective. We call this using the noun attributively.

Direct Address

The comic is about grammar, so go ahead; read it and chuckle. My lesson, though, is in the last panel. 

https://www.gocomics.com/thebarn/2018/08/21

We call it direct address when you name the person (or persons—or readers, shall we say) whom you are writing to. Sometimes I start a post with, “Our lesson for today, class, is…” That’s direct address.

Here’s the rule, in case the rule isn’t already obvious:

Separate direct address from the rest of the sentence with commas.

Of course, the plural, “commas,” applies only if the direct address is inside the sentence. If it’s the first or last word, you need only one comma. duh.

PS—wouldn’t you know, the comic repeated the same joke a week later:

https://www.gocomics.com/thebarn/2018/08/28

Subject or Object?

I just ran into a comic that is similar to the “like or as” mistake I mentioned the other day. Should the kid in the first panel use “us” or “we”?

He should use “we”! The sentence is easier to get right if you say “…dogs can smell better than we can smell.” It’s the verb he’s comparing, so “we” is a subject.

And here’s another comic with the same mistake. Of course, I don’t really expect kids in pre-K to get this right.

https://comicskingdom.com/marvin/2018-09-10

The last sentence in the second panel. It should be “…knows you better than I do.” The way it’s written, it means “…knows you better than they know me.”

Is it Poetry if it Doesn’t Rhyme?

Not a lot of content today. You have to supply the rhyme.

https://www.gocomics.com/pickles/2018/08/18

Reminds me of a poem we used to recite when I was a kid:

Mary had a little lamb
It fell into a well.
Mary threw some dynamite in
And blew it all to little pieces about so big.

Another poetry question: Is this a limerick?

A limerick writer named Drew
always ended his poems on line two.

How about this one?

A limerick writer, a Hun,

Enough! I’ll go to my room now.

A Dieresis Gets Used!

A little more than a month ago I wrote about the dieresis, two dots over a vowel that you very occasionally see in English (though more often in other languages). 

The New Yorker is a high-class magazine, so I’m not entirely surprised that they had occasion to use a dieresis. Here it is:

SpaceShipTwo needed to be supple enough to break the sound barrier, light enough to reach space, strong enough to avoid breaking up on reëntry, and tough enough to make the journey once a week for years.

Twice!

Stucky hadn’t heard from Dillon in almost a year, and had been desperate to reëstablish contact. 

Notice how you pronounce the two “e’s” separately? That’s the function of a dieresis. 

Pictures are good, so here’s a picture of SpaceShipTwo:

Another “Like” and “As” lesson

It’s been almost a year since I last mentioned this, so maybe it’s time for a refresher. 

Like many folks, this cat gets it wrong; first panel:

Remember: 

“Like” goes with nouns,
“As” goes with verbs.

So he should say “…as scientists have just concluded…”

For “like,” think of the book title, Black Like Me. Or maybe “My love is like a red red rose,” or what my wife says sometimes, “Beer tastes like dog piss.”